SHORT SUMMARY
In this world scientist have trying to find medicine for diseases before attacking our body. And this is called vaccination it help to prevent from disease. By increasing the our immunity system . Let us see how vaccination works? And it's types.
WHAT IS VACCINE?
The world first vaccine is introduced by Edward jenner in 1796 was the first sucessfull Vaccine to be developed. Vaccine is an injection injected to human body to fight against the foreign invanders like bacteria, virus. Normally every human body have natural immunity and would fight against the bacteria and virus. But some one have strong immunity and someone have a weak immunity. The vaccine would help for boost the immunity and attack the virus before getting sick and before any symptoms.
HOW IT'S WORK?
To understand how vaccine functions, we need to know how immune system defend us against contingeous diseases in the first place. When foreign microbes invade us the immune system trigger a serious of responses in attempt to identify and remove them from our bodies. The signs that this immune response is working are the coughing, sneezing, inflmmation and fever we experience. Which work to trap, deter and rod the body of threatening things, like bacteria. These innate immune responses also trigger our second line of defenses called adaptive immunity. Special cells called 'B' cells and 'T' cells are recurited to fight microbes, and also record information about them, and creating a memory information about them and then creating a memory of what the invandees look like, and how best to fight them This is show how pathogen severe if the same pathogen invades the body again. But despite this smart response body again. But despite this smart responses, there's still a risk involved. The body take a time to respond to pathogen and built up defenses. And even if the body is too weak it might face very serious risk if the pathogen is severe. But if we risk could prepare our bodys immune system. This and boost up the immune system. This is scientist use vaccine to trigger the bodys adoptive immune system. This has resulted in many vaccine which each uniquely separted into different types.
TYPES OF VACCINE
1.LIVE ATTUNED VACCINE
These vaccine are made up of the pathogen itself but a much weaker and tamer version. The downside is the live attenuated vaccine can be different to make and because they quite powerful the people with weaker immune system can't have them.
1. Measles, mumps
2.small pox
3.chicken pox
4.Yellow fever
2.INACTIVE VACCINE
In which pathogen have been killed. The weakning and inactivation in both types of vaccine ensures that pathogen don't develop into the full blown diseases. But just like a diseases they trigger an immune response teaching a body to recognize an attack while inactiavate vaccine not have long lasting immunity.
1. Flu
2. Polio
3. Rabies
3.SUBUNIT VACCINE
Subunit vaccine is only made from one part of the pathogen called an antingen the ingredient that actually trigger the immune responses. By even further isolating specifing components of antingens like protein or polysaccharides these vaccines can prompt specific responses .
4.M-RNA VACCINES
Researchers was technology of study was going on for decades and this technology was used to make some of the COVID-19 vaccines. mRNA vaccines make proteins in order to trigger an immune response. mRNA vaccines have several benefits compared to other types of vaccines, including shorter manufacturing times and, because they do not contain a live virus, no risk of causing disease in the person getting vaccinated.
mRNA vaccines are used to protect against:
5.DNA VACCINES
Scientist are now building a whole new range of vaccine called DNA vaccines. For this variety, they isolate the every genes that make the specific antigen to the body need to trigger it's immune responses to specific pathogens. When injected cells in the body to make the antigens. This cause a stronger immune response and prepare the body for any future threats and because the vaccine only includes specific genetic materials, it doesn't contain any other ingredients from the rest of the pathogen that would develop into the diseases and harm be able to bulit more effective treatments for invasive pathagenes in year to come. This type of vaccine help to treat HIV, Malria, POla